Course title
310060001
Science, Technology and Society

TAKUMA Naoki
Middle-level Diploma Policy (mDP)
Program / Major mDP Goals
IoT Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Software Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Media Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Data Science Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Mechatronics Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Architecture and Architectural Engineering Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Environmental Systems and Urban Planning Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Bioscience Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Biomedical Engineering Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Sports Engineering Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Mathematical Sciences Course DP-1・1 グローバルな視点から多面的にひと・もの・ことを考える幅広い視野と教養を身につけ、諸問題を多面的かつ客観的に扱うことができる。
Purpose of class
The purpose of this course, first of all, is to nurture students’ capacity to understand the interactions between S&T and society. To that end, the course provides students with useful concepts and ways of thinking, as well as how to use them in concrete cases. These concepts and ways of thinking will serve as useful tools for students to evaluate various S&T information with sound criticism.
Course description
Science & Technology (abbreviated as S&T) bring about deep impacts — either positive or negative — to our society. Conversely, S&T are subject to various constraints put by society. Thus, S&T and society mutually influence and co-produce each other. Therefore, even students who are going to work as scientists or engineers, must have capabilities to understand these mutual interactions between S&T and society. This course aims at increasing students’ capability of understanding such interactions, through reading the textbook written by H. Hirakawa: Kagakau Ha Dareno Mono Ka? (= Whose Is Science?), and through learning useful concepts and ways of thinking as well as how to use them in concrete cases.
Goals and objectives
  1. This course aims at making students to recognize the fact that S&T and society interact each other.
  2. Students master the concepts and the ways of thinking which are useful to understand the mutual interactions between S&T and society.
  3. Students learn how the above-mentioned concepts and ways of thinking are applied to concrete cases of the interactions between S&T and society.
Relationship between 'Goals and Objectives' and 'Course Outcomes'

Learning Attitude Mid-term report Term-end Exam Total.
1. 15% 5% 15% 35%
2. 15% 5% 10% 30%
3. 10% 10% 15% 35%
4. 0% 0%
Total. 40% 20% 40% -
Evaluation method and criteria
- “Learning Attitude” accounts for 40% of the total grade.
This “Learning Attitude” is evaluated according to ”Reaction Papers” which are submitted after each class.

- ”Mid-term report” accounts for 20%.
Students are to find examples of ”Power embedded in the architecture” and ”Universal Design” in everyday life and report them.

- ”Term Exam” accounts for 40%.

The level of grade”60” is to become familiar with the concepts and the ways of thinking provided in the course.
Language
Japanese
Class schedule

Class schedule HW assignments (Including preparation and review of the class.) Amount of Time Required
1. - Guidance of the course
- Introductory lecture on how S&T interacts with society
Students are expected to browse the book reviews of the textbook on Amazon’s website. 100minutes
2. From ”Administration” to ”Governance” (1)
- We discuss the early sections of Chapter 2:
Why ”governance” now? / The advent of S&T governance / The Japanese S&T Crisis in 1995 / Two-way communication / Participatory Technology Assessment / etc.
Read the early sections of Chapter 2 (From ”Administration” to ”Governance”) in advance. 100minutes
3. From ”Administration” to ”Governance” (2)
- We discuss the middle sections of Chapter 2:
Consensus Conference / Citizen’s Jury and Scenario Workshop / The ”Crisis of Confidence” triggered by the BSE Problem / From Understanding to Dialogue and Participation / etc.
Read the middle sections of Chapter 2 (From ”Administration” to ”Governance”) in advance. 100minutes
4. From ”Administration” to ”Governance” (3)
- We discuss the late sections of Chapter 2:
Science Cafe as ”Away Game” / Discussing in the public sphere / Farewell to Authoritarianism / etc.
Read late sections of Chapter 2 (From ”Administration” to ”Governance”) in advance. 100minutes
5. Are Science and Technology ”perfect”? (1)
- We discuss the early sections of Chapter 3:
Scientists approved that earthquakes are hardly predictable / Perfectionism that worsened the “Minamata Disease” / Laboratory sciences are on the way / Quality management of knowledge / etc.
Read the early sections of Chapter 3 (Are Science and Technology ”perfect”?) in advance. 100minutes
6. Are Science and Technology ”perfect”? (2)
- We discuss the middle sections of Chapter 3:
Still more way to the ”Final Answer” / Uncertainty of science remains yet / Two types of unknowns in the uncertainty / The limitation of scientific knowledge / Uncertainty in measurements / etc.
Read the middle sections of Chapter 3 (Are Science and Technology ”perfect”?) in advance. 100minutes
7. Are Science and Technology ”Perfect”? (3)
- We discuss the late sections of Chapter 3:
Uncertainty caused by idealization / The law of free fall does not hold in everyday space / Honest scientists can’t make a dichotomous decision! / Gaps between the ideal system and the real system / etc.
Read the late sections of Chapter 3 (Are Science and Technology ”perfect”?) in advance. 100minutes
8. The Deep Relationship between S&T and Society (1)
- We discuss the early sections of Chapter 4:
How to look at the relationship between S&T and Society / The idea of ”co-production” / Purism of science / etc.
Read the early sections of Chapter 4 (The Deep Relationship between S&T and Society) in advance. 100minutes
9. The Deep Relationship between S&T and Society (2)
- We discuss the middle sections of Chapter 4:
National mobilization system of R&D / From ”Value-neutral S&T” to ”Good S&T” / Politics embedded in the artifacts / etc.
Read the middle sections of Chapter 4 (The Deep Relationship between S&T and Society) in advance. 100minutes
10. The Deep Relationship between S&T and Society (3)
- We discuss the late sections of Chapter 4:
The light and the shadow of “Green Revolution” / Nonconformity of the operating condition / Inequality of the profit-structure / Market power as structural issue / etc.
Read the late sections of Chapter 4 (The Deep Relationship between S&T and Society) in advance. 100minutes
11. Knowing and Connecting (Chapter 6)
- How to engage in S&T / Unable to make a step / Is the aggregation of personal efforts enough? / Suspicious abbreviation / Action Chart for intellectual collaboration
/ The art of finding reliable materials / etc.
Read the whole Chapter 6 (Knowing and Connecting) in advance. 100minutes
12. How to Get Along with the Uncertainty of Science (1)
- We read the following sections which are related which discuss the concept ”onus of proof”:
The conflicts of interest highlighted by the onus of proof /
The environmental effect of the GM Crops / Reversal of the onus of proof.
Read in advance related sections of Chapter 5 (How to Get Along with the Uncertainty of Science). 100minutes
13. How to Get Along with the Uncertainty of Science
- We discuss the following sections which discuss the concept ”precautionary principle”:
The precautionary principle / What the EU regulation on GM Crops implies / Precautionary principle as ”problem” / The risks which should be taken and avoided, etc.
Read in advance related sections of Chapter 5 (How to Get Along with the Uncertainty of Science). 100minutes
14. Warp-up & Term Exam Review all the sections of the textbook which we read in this semester. Review all the PowerPoint slides, as well. 100minutes
Total. - - 1400minutes
Feedback on exams, assignments, etc.
ways of feedback specific contents about "Other"
Feedback in/outside the class.
Textbooks and reference materials
All the students must buy the following textbook (in Japanese only):
H. Hirakawa, Kagaku Ha Dareno Mono Ka? (Whose Is Science?), NHK Publishing, (2010).

All the students must read the corresponding part of the textbook in advance of each class.
All students must buy the textbook, either electronic or printed version. The printed version is out of print, and only used books are available.
Prices: Kindle version’s price is 628 Yen (Tax included).
If you have versatile terminal like Smart Phones, iPad, PCs, etc., you can find free reader software. So, you need not buy specialized terminal like ”Kindle Paper White” and so on.
Prerequisites
Office hours and How to contact professors for questions
  • Contact with the lecturer by Email. The E-mail address will be given on the 1st slide of the Power Point given in each class.
Regionally-oriented
Non-regionally-oriented course
Development of social and professional independence
  • Non-social and professional independence development course
Active-learning course
N/A
Course by professor with work experience
Work experience Work experience and relevance to the course content if applicable
N/A N/A.
Education related SDGs:the Sustainable Development Goals
    Last modified : Sat Mar 14 14:39:04 JST 2026